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Komi-Zyrian language (Коми кыв ''Komi kyv'') or simply Komi, Zyrian or Zyryan, is one of the two regional varieties of the pluricentrical Komi language, the other regional variety being Komi-Permyak. It is disputed whether Zyrian is a separate language or a dialect of Komi, because of its affinity to the Komi-Permyak language. Komi-Zyrian is spoken by the Komi-Zyrians' ethnic group in Komi Republic and some other parts of Russia. In 1994, Komi-Zyrian had about 285,000 speakers. The Komi-Zyrian language has a standard form. It was written in the form of Old Permic alphabet for liturgical purposes as early as the 14th century in the Old Permic script. Said alphabet was replaced by Cyrillic in the 17th century. A tradition of secular works of literature in the modern form of the language dates back to the 19th century. ==Dialects== Komi-Zyrian has ten dialects: Prisyktyvkarsky, Lower Vychegdan, Central Vychegdan, Luzsko-letsky, Upper Sysolan, Upper Vychegdan, Pechoran, Izhemsky, Vymsky, and Udorsky. Prisyktyvkarsky is spoken in the region of Syktyvkar and forms the model for the generic standard dialect of the language. Dialects are divided based primarily on their use of the v and l phonemes:〔Bartens 2000, p. 47-49〕 * Original *l remains unchanged in upper Vychegdan and Pechoran dialects (also in most dialects of Komi-Permyak). * *l has syllable-finally changed to /v/ in central dialects, and this is also the representation of standard literary Komi (for example, older *kɨl → "tongue"). * In northern dialects, the process has continued with complete vocalization of syllable-final *l, resulting in long vowels. The change has been dated to the 17th century. It is not seen in the oldest Komi texts from the 14th century, nor in loanwords from Komi to Khanty, dated to the 16th; but it has fully occurred before loanwords from Russian entered the language in the 18th century, as /l/ remains unchanged in these. Some dialects are further distinguished based on the palatalized alveolars , which have unpacked in syllable-final position as clusters .〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Komi-Zyrian language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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